Professional boxers often have to deal with chronic injuries from their careers, such as hand/wrist fractures and shoulder problems.
Holding pads as personal trainers for private clients is even worse, because if a client hits with too much power, the holder often bears the negative impact.
It strains the shoulder joint, ligaments, and tendons. That leads to decreased strength, limited range of motion, and reduced co-ordination, which directly impact a boxers ability to generate maximum power during a fight.